Abstract.............................................................................................................................................. 2

Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 2

Basic DRAM operation ......................................................................................................................... 2

DRAM storage density and power consumption ................................................................................... 4

Memory access time......................................................................................................................... 5

System bus timing ............................................................................................................................ 5

Memory bus speed........................................................................................................................... 6

Burst mode access............................................................................................................................ 6

SDRAM technology.............................................................................................................................. 7

Bank interleaving ............................................................................................................................. 7

Increased bandwidth ........................................................................................................................ 7

Registered SDRAM modules .............................................................................................................. 8

DIMM configurations........................................................................................................................ 8

Single-sided and double-sided DIMMs ............................................................................................ 8

Single-rank, dual-rank, and quad-rank DIMMs ................................................................................. 8

DIMM error detection/correction technologies................................................................................... 10

The increasing possibility of memory errors ................................................................................... 10

Basic ECC memory..................................................................................................................... 11

Advanced ECC memory.............................................................................................................. 12

Memory protection technologies ...................................................................................................... 13

Online spare memory mode ........................................................................................................ 13

Mirrored memory mode .............................................................................................................. 13

Lockstep memory mode ............................................................................................................... 14

Memory protection mode summary............................................................................................... 14

Advanced memory technologies .......................................................................................................... 15

Double data rate SDRAM technologies ............................................................................................. 15

DDR-1 ....................................................................................................................................... 15

DDR-2 ....................................................................................................................................... 17

DDR-3 ....................................................................................................................................... 18

Module naming convention and peak bandwidth........................................................................... 18

Fully-buffered DIMMs...................................................................................................................... 19

Rambus DRAM .............................................................................................................................. 21

Importance of using HP-certified memory modules in ProLiant servers ....................................................... 23

Conclusion........................................................................................................................................ 23

For more information.......................................................................................................................... 24

Call to action .................................................................................................................................... 24

Memory technology evolution:

an overview of system memory technologies

technology brief, 8th edition

Compaq BL10e Memory technology evolution: an overview of system memory technol

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